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Category Archives: criminal tax law

Yes Yet Another FBAR Penalty Being Dropped Based Upon Bittner


The U.S. dropped a lawsuit that sought $835,000 in penalties against a Texas customs broker for failing to report his Mexican bank accounts, with the government saying a
 U.S. Supreme Court ruling has reduced the bill to $80,000, which the broker has paid.

Miguel E. Mireles, a U.S. citizen originally from Mexico, has already satisfied the reduced bill for his failure to report his Mexican bank accounts for tax years 2006 through 2013 through a $90,000 balance he has with the Internal Revenue Service, the U.S. said in its agreement with Mireles. Mireles agreed not to seek a refund for any remaining balance, which stems from $208,000 in payments he has made on three different penalty liabilities.

The Supreme Court in February restricted how much the IRS could fine a taxpayer for nonwillful failure to file Reports of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts, or FBARs. The Bank Secrecy Act's $10,000 maximum penalty for nonwillful reporting applies per form and not per bank account, the justices said in their opinion in Bittner v. U.S

The IRS had originally calculated FBAR penalties against Mireles for $90,000 to $110,000 per year for the eight-year period during which he failed to report his accounts, according to the agreement. Under the new Bittner standard, those penalties were reduced to $10,000 per year.

Since 1995, Mireles has run a company that provides "customs brokerage services, processed foreign trade operations and border trade services for goods transferred between the United States and Mexico and vice versa," the government said in its 2021 complaint seeking to enforce the penalties.

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Read more at: Tax Times blog

Crypto Exchange Must Comply With IRS Summons

According to Law360, in an order on June 30, 2023, U.S. Magistrate Judge Joseph C. Spero said Payward Ventures Inc., which does business as Kraken, has to hand over information to the Internal Revenue Service on customers who conducted transactions of at least $20,000 in any year from 2016 through 2020. That information includes names, dates of birth, addresses and phone numbers, according to the order, which said such information could aid the agency in its probe of the tax compliance of cryptocurrency holders.

The federal judge narrowed an IRS summons for customer information from cryptocurrency platform Kraken and also has to furnish transactional ledgers spanning the same period, the order said. 

But Judge Spero found that some of the agency's five requests, including its request for a customer questionnaire that included information on wealth sources and employment, were overly broad under the factors for such IRS summons outlined by the U.S. Supreme Court in U.S. v. Powell. 

"While This Information Might Shed Light On A Tax Violation By An Account Holder, At This Stage Of The Government's Investigation, It Is Only Speculating On That Point.


The federal government filed a petition in February seeking to force Kraken to comply with the summons, which had been approved by the court in May 2021. The summons had sought documents on the identities of Kraken customers and their transactions of at least $20,000 in the aggregate, including names, taxpayer identification numbers and addresses, as well as transaction information, like details on the purchases and sales of cryptocurrency and on account funding, according to filings. 

The IRS has been probing the tax compliance of cryptocurrency holders. It sent 10,000 letters to holders in 2019 as part of its investigation into potential reporting errors or omissions by digital currency owners on their tax returns. The agency had issued a summons seeking customer information to cryptocurrency exchange Coinbase, but the agency has had a challenging time identifying Coinbase account holders and still doesn't know the identities of about 750 account holders largely due to missing taxpayer identification numbers, an IRS agent said in a declaration.

Kraken has contended that the Coinbase litigation set certain standards for IRS John Doe summonses for cryptocurrency accounts, including limits on the volume of accounts the IRS can seek information on in such third-party summonses. 

But Judge Spero said in his order On June 30, 2023that both the U.S. and Kraken "have made statements that border on mischaracterizing the holding and legal significance of Coinbase."


"The Court Recognizes That The Limitations Placed
On The Summons In Coinbase, While Instructive,
Are Not Binding In This Case," The Order Said.


Judge Spero said the IRS can obtain some of the basic information it sought in its summons. But it doesn't now need historical account information or information from know-your-customer questionnaires that users fill out, according to the order, which noted the agency can pursue more summonses if it decides it needs more information to conduct its investigation. 

"We fought the IRS because they sought intrusive and unnecessary information about U.S. clients, including IP addresses, employment information, sources of wealth, net worth, and banking details," the spokesperson said. "We appreciate that the court rejected all these demands, recognizing that the IRS requests were 'much broader than what is necessary.'


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IRS Releases Publication 1586 on Establishing Reasonable Cause for Missing and Incorrect TINs


The IRS has updated I
RS Publication 1586 - Reasonable Cause Regulations and Requirements for Missing and Incorrect Name/TINs. The publication was last updated in July 2022.

The objectives of the publication are to: 

  1. Provide general information needed to avoid penalties for information return documents that are filed with missing or incorrect taxpayer identification numbers (TINs);
  2. Describe the actions that must be taken or should have been taken to solicit (request) a TIN; and
  3. Explain the requirements for establishing reasonable cause.

To support that the failure to include a correct TIN was due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect, filers must establish that they "acted in a responsible manner" both before and after the failure occurred and that: (a) there were significant mitigating factors (for example, an established history of filing information returns with correct TINs), or (b) the failure was due to events beyond the filer's control (for example, actions of the payee or any other person).

"Acting in a responsible manner" (except as otherwise stated in the publication) generally involves making an initial solicitation (request) for the payee's name and TIN and, if required, an annual solicitation.

The penalty amounts in the publication have been updated to reflect annual inflation adjustments. Penalties may be assessed for information returns that are: (i) filed with a missing/incorrect TIN (or other incorrect information), (ii) filed late, (iii) filed on paper when electronic filing is required (incorrect media), (iv) filed in an incorrect format, or (v) any combination of the above.

The publication notes that final regulations were promulgated providing an automatic extension for minimum essential coverage providers to furnish individual statements about such coverage and also provide an alternate method for furnishing those statements when the individual shared responsibility payment is zero.


Have an IRS Penalty Problem?  
 


 Contact the Tax Lawyers at 
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or 
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Read more at: Tax Times blog

Citing High Court Decision US District Court Lowers FBAR Penalty

According to Law360, Florida woman owes far less than the roughly $246,000 in penalties she initially faced for failing to report her foreign bank accounts due to the outcome of a recent U.S. Supreme Court case, a federal judge ruled in U.S. v. Hadley, case number 8:21-cv-01357, in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Florida.

In an order, Magistrate Judge Amanda Arnold Sansone granted a request Sali Hadley and the federal government made a day earlier to amend a previous district court decision by instead holding her liable for $24,500.

She and the government had said they agreed to the reduced penalty in light of the February ruling by the Supreme Court that effectively capped at $10,000 per year the penalty for nonwillfully failing to file reports of foreign bank and financial accounts.

The earlier decision by the district court in Florida, which ordered Hadley to pay the larger penalty for FBARs she nonwillfully failed to file in 2011 and 2012, was delivered before the high court ruling.

An appeal followed that saw the Eleventh Circuit order the Florida court to review Hadley's case.

Have an FBAR Penalty Problem?  
 


 Contact the Tax Lawyers at 

Marini& Associates, P.A. 
 
 
for a FREE Tax Consultation at: 
www.TaxAid.com or www.OVDPLaw.com 
or 
Toll Free at 888-8TaxAid (888) 882-9243



Read more at: Tax Times blog

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