said Guillot.
Read more at: Tax Times blog
November 18, 2019
Read more at: Tax Times blog
November 15, 2019
Every available enforcement option will be considered, including civil penalties and, where appropriate, criminal investigations that could lead to a criminal prosecution," said IRS Commissioner Chuck Rettig.
"Our innovation labs are continually developing new, more extensive enforcement tools that employ advanced techniques. If you engaged in any questionable syndicated conservation easement transaction, you should immediately consult an independent, competent tax advisor to consider your best available options. It is always worthwhile to take advantage of various methods of getting back into compliance by correcting your tax returns before you hear from the IRS.
In December 2016, the IRS issued Notice 2017-10 (PDF), which designated certain syndicated conservation easements as listed transactions. Specifically, the Notice listed transactions where investors in pass-through entities receive promotional material offering the possibility of a charitable contribution deduction worth at least two and half times their investment. In many transactions, the deduction taken is significantly higher than 250 percent of the investment. Syndicated conservation easements are included on the IRS's 2019 "Dirty Dozen" list of tax scams to avoid.
"Abusive syndicated conservation easement transactions undermine the public's trust in private land conservation and defraud the government of revenue," Rettig said. "Putting an end to these abusive schemes is a high priority for the IRS."
Taxpayers may avoid the imposition of penalties relating to improper contribution deductions if they fully remove the improper contribution and related tax benefits from their returns by timely filing a qualified amended return or timely administrative adjustment request.
The IRS's comprehensive compliance efforts are focused on the abusive syndicated conservation easement transactions described in Notice 2017-10, recognizing that there are many legitimate conservation easement transactions.
The IRS is fully committed to putting an end to abusive syndicated conservation easement transactions, and holding accountable the individuals and entities who promoted, assisted with or participated in these schemes. The IRS is committing significant examination and investigative resources to vigorously audit the entities and individuals involved in this scheme, including those who failed to properly disclose their participation as required. Additionally, the IRS is also litigating cases where necessary, with more than 80 currently docketed cases in the Tax Court.
In addition to grossly overstating the value of the easement that is purportedly donated to charity, these transactions often fail to comply with the basic requirements for claiming a charitable deduction for a donated easement. The IRS has prevailed in many cases involving these basic requirements and has now established a body of law that the IRS believes supports disallowance of the deduction in a significant number of pending conservation easement cases. Where it hasn't done so already, the IRS will soon be moving the Tax Court to invalidate the claimed deductions in all cases where the transactions fail to comply with the basic requirements, leaving only the final penalty amount to be determined.
In addition to auditing participants, the IRS is pursuing investigations of promoters, appraisers, tax return preparers and others. Further, the IRS is evaluating numerous referrals of practitioners to the IRS Office of Professional Responsibility. The IRS will develop and assert all appropriate penalties, including penalties for participants (40 percent accuracy-related penalty), appraisers (penalty for substantial and gross valuation misstatements attributable to incorrect appraisals), promoters, material advisors, and accommodating entities (penalty for promoting abusive tax shelters and penalty for aiding and abetting understatement of tax liability), as well as return preparers (penalty for understatement of taxpayer's liability by a tax return preparer).
In December 2018, the Department of Justice filed a complaint seeking to stop several individuals and an entity from organizing, promoting or selling allegedly abusive syndicated conservation easement transactions. The IRS continues to work with the Department of Justice in this area and reminds taxpayers that continued disclosure of syndicated conservation easement transactions is required under Notice 2017-10.
Read more at: Tax Times blog
November 13, 2019
The IRS’s criminal division identified “dozens” of potential cryptocurrency tax evaders or cybercriminals after a meeting this week with tax authorities from four other countries.
“All of the participants from the J5 countries rolled up their sleeves and worked together using real data to identify real criminals. One thing was really clear this week and that’s the J5 countries are committed to identifying and holding accountable tax cheats and other criminals who attempt to use the dark web and cryptocurrency as an underground economy.”
All of this occurred while the IRS is preparing for a new wave of cryptocurrency audits. The agency sent letters to more than 10,000 people earlier this year, warning that they might be subject to penalties for skirting taxes on their virtual investments.
Sources:
accountingTODAY
Bloomberg
Read more at: Tax Times blog
November 12, 2019
The IRS’s Large Business and International (LB&I) division has released a process unit on using a withholding agent’s electronic systems to evaluate the reliability of the information provided by foreign payees on Forms W-8.
A withholding agent is a U.S. or foreign person that has control, receipt, custody, disposal, or payment of any item of income of a foreign person that is subject to withholding. (Code Sec. 1473(4)). Generally, a payment is subject to withholding if it is U.S. source income that is fixed or determinable annual or periodic (FDAP) income. FDAP income is all income included in gross income, including interest (and original issue discount), dividends, rents, royalties, and compensation.
When a withholding agent determines that a payment is withholdable, the withholding agent must obtain a Form W-8 from the payee to determine whether the payee is a foreign person subject to withholding. Generally, a withholding agent making a withholdable payment must withhold at the 30% rate unless the withholding agent can reliably associate the payment with a Form W-8 or a withholding exemption.
As part of an audit of a withholding agent, an examiner selects payments made by a withholding agent to foreign payees for evaluation against the withholding agent’s filed Forms 1042-S. The examiner performs this evaluation by reviewing foreign payees’ Forms W-8, Certificate of Foreign Status, on file with the withholding agent.
Many withholding agents collect and store Forms W-8 in electronic format. Therefore, an examiner must determine whether the withholding agent has systems and procedures for creating, collecting, and storing Forms W-8 that are reliable.
According to the process unit, before the examination begins, an examiner should obtain and review any of the withholding agent’s data and records that are maintained by the IRS. This review should include any Forms 1042-S submitted by the withholding agent. An examiner should use Forms 1042-S to identify foreign persons receiving large amounts of U.S. source income with small amounts of withholding tax or any administrative inconsistencies, such as reporting and residence address mismatches.
If the withholding agent uses a system for payees to electronically furnish Form W-8, the examiner should ask the withholding agent whether the system properly authenticates and verifies users and, if yes, how that authentication and verification is accomplished. The should also explain how incorrect and/or incomplete Forms W-8 are handled.
The process unit also discusses how an examiner should review Forms W-8 the withholding agent received from a third party on behalf of a payee. In a case where the withholding agent has an agreement to use a shared electronic system for furnishing and authenticating Forms W-8, the process unit notes that all Forms W-8 and authenticating documents collected by the shared electronic system should be readily available to the withholding agent and consequently should be available for inspection by an examiner.
An examiner should select and analyze a test sample of Forms W-8 to determine whether the information they contain is reliable. If the examiner is satisfied that the information collected resulted in properly prepared Forms W-8, then no further investigation is necessary. However, if material errors appear in the sample, further investigation will be required.
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