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Manafort Found Guilty On Tax Fraud & Failure to Report Offshore Financial Accounts (FBAR)


On March 13, 2018 we posted More Charges Against Ex-Trump Campaign Chair Including Offshore Account Violations! where we discussed that President Donald Trump's former campaign chairman, Paul Manafort, and an alleged co-conspirator have been indicted on charges of conspiracy against the United States, money laundering and bank records charges tied to close to a decade of secret lobbying on behalf of Russia-associated Ukrainian officials.

We also discussed that Special Counsel Robert Mueller unsealed a slew of new tax- and bank fraud-related criminal charges on February 22, 2018 against President Donald Trump’s former campaign officials Paul Manafort and Richard Gates, alleging they filed false income tax returns and failed to report foreign bank accounts.
 The charges against Manafort and Gates, a business associate, include:
  • 16 counts related to allegedly false income tax returns, 
  • 7 counts of failure to report offshore financial accounts,
  • 5 counts of bank fraud conspiracy and
  • 4 counts of bank fraud. 

Now according to Law360, a Virginia federal jury on August 21, 2018 convicted former Trump campaign chairman Paul Manafort on some charges of filing false tax returns and lying to banks in order to secure tens of millions of dollars in loans. Paul Manafort was found guilty on 8 counts of filing false tax returns and lying to banks, while the jury deadlocked on 10 more counts. (AP)

Returning guilty verdicts on 8 counts of bank fraud, subscribing to False Tax Returns, and failure to Disclose Foreign Bank Accounts, jurors largely rejected Manafort’s claim that his protege and onetime co-defendant Rick Gates was responsible for false claims about the longtime GOP operative’s finances and a network of offshore bank accounts that were the source of millions of dollars in payments to U.S. vendors to support Manafort’s luxurious lifestyle. The jurors deadlocked on the other 10 counts.

The government at trial elicited testimony from Manafort’s bookkeeper and tax preparers who said he was deeply involved with matters relating to his personal finances, even though Gates was often their point of contact for day-to-day matters. Gates cut a deal with prosecutors to testify against his former boss and admitted that he embezzled hundreds of thousands of dollars from Manafort.

Manafort’s attorneys unloaded on Gates at trial, painting the individual described by multiple witnesses as Manafort’s “right-hand man” as a liar and thief who embezzled money to fund a transnational extramarital affair.

But ultimately, the jury either rejected defense’s claims that Gates’ was too untrustworthy to rely on as a witness, or they decided the remaining balance of evidence was sufficient to prove the government’s claims.

 Do You Have Undeclared Income from Offshore Banks?
 

 

Don’t Want to Wind up like Paul Manafort?  

 
Want to Know if the OVDP Program is Right for You?
 
 
Contact the Tax Lawyers at 
Marini & Associates, P.A.  
  
 
for a FREE Tax Consultation
Toll Free at 888-8TaxAid (888) 882-9243

 

Read more at: Tax Times blog

LA Man Pleads Guilty to Not Reporting Over $1 Million Held in Israeli Offshore Accounts

According to the DoJ, a Los Angeles man pleaded guilty on August 20, 2018 in U.S. District Court for the Central District of California to willfully failing to file a Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR), which would have disclosed his foreign bank accounts.
 
According to court documents, Ben Zion Birman, of Los Angeles, California held offshore accounts in Israel at Bank Leumi Le-Israel B.M. from 2006 to 2011. Birman willfully failed to file with the Department of Treasury an FBAR for calendar year 2010, despite having over $1 million in Bank Leumi accounts.  
 
In an effort to further hide his money, Birman instructed Bank Leumi to hold bank mail from delivery to the United States, and obtained access to his offshore funds through the use of “back-to-back” loans, which were designed to enable borrowers to tap their concealed accounts.  These lending arrangements permitted Birman to have funds issued by Leumi’s U.S. branch that were secretly secured by funds in his undeclared accounts in Israel.
 
In December 2014, Bank Leumi entered into a deferred prosecution agreement after the bank admitted to conspiring from at least 2000 until early 2011 to aid and assist U.S. taxpayers to prepare and present false tax returns by hiding income and assets in offshore bank accounts in Israel and other locations around the world.  Under the terms of the deferred prosecution agreement, Bank Leumi paid the United States a total of $270 million and continues to cooperate with respect to civil and criminal tax investigations. (Go to our blog post 148 Offshore Banks & Now Financial Advisors Are Turning Over Your Names To The IRS - What Are Your Waiting For?  to see the extent of the cooperation by these 148 Offshore Banks, including Bank Leumi; who are providing unredacted client files for the U.S. taxpayer-clients who maintained accounts at their Banks or Financial Instruction.)
 
“The Department of Justice is Committed to Vigorously Investigating and Prosecuting Offshore Account Holders who Maintain Undeclared Accounts and Willfully Ignore their
U.S. Reporting and Tax Obligations,”
 
said Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General Zuckerman.
 
Birman faces a maximum sentence of five (5) years in prison, as well as a period of supervised release, restitution and monetary penalties. Birman's sentencing is scheduled for December 10, 2018. 
 
Do You Have Undeclared Income from an Offshore Bank?
 

 
Is Your Name Being Handed Over to the IRS?
  
Want to Know if the OVDP Program is Right for You?
 
 
Contact the Tax Lawyers at 
Marini & Associates, P.A.  
  
 
for a FREE Tax Consultation
Toll Free at 888-8TaxAid (888) 882-9243

Read more at: Tax Times blog

TCJA'S IRC §965 – Transition Tax Results in Double Tax in Canada (& Other Countries)

According to Moodys Gartner, the transition tax on businesses, introduced by the US Tax Cuts and Jobs Act 2017, may cause some Canadian-resident US individuals with a substantial unexpected US tax liability. They will have to pay the tax without being able to claim it as a tax credit against their Canadian income, unless the Ottawa government decides to allow them relief from this double taxation. 

Generally, under the TCJA every US citizen individual who controls “a non-US corporation (or who owns an interest in a non-US corporation controlled by US persons) has to pay a one-time tax on the retained earnings of those corporations either as a lump-sum or in installments spread out over eight years. This one-time tax is commonly referred to as the Transition Tax, and it can leave those affected Canadian residents with a substantial (and unexpected) US tax liability.
 
The Transition Tax generally works as follows: US citizens and US businesses that own a controlling interest in a foreign corporation,,such as Canadian corporations, are deemed to receive a dividend equal to the corporation’s retained earnings. These shareholders are subject to US tax on the deemed dividends at two different rates – the retained earnings of the corporation reflected by cash assets are subject to a 15.5% effective rate and non-cash assets at an 8% effective rate. When the retained earnings are distributed to the shareholder in the future as a dividend they are not taxed again by the US, though they are subject to tax in Canada.
 
To illustrate the application of the Transition Tax, assume that Ms. A is a US citizen and resident of Canada. She owns 100% of the shares of CanadaCo and thus controls CanadaCo. The only assets of CanadaCo throughout 2017 was cash of US$1m. Ms. A will be deemed to have received a dividend of the US$1m and therefore will subject to a Transition Tax liability in the US of $155,000. Ms. Acan choose to pay the resulting tax liability over 8 years or pay it in a lump sum.
 
In most cases, the Transition Tax will not be available as a tax credit in Canada for two reasons:  
  1. The Transition Tax applies to the shareholder even if the Canadian corporation has not actually declared a dividend meaning that there is no “source” of income against which to credit the Transition Tax.
  2. Under Canadian law, dividends received by a shareholder from a Canadian corporation are classified as Canadian source income and therefore the resulting Canadian tax liability is not eligible to be credited for the US tax paid. The general Canadian principle is that US taxes will be creditable only if the income received is US sourced. 

At the 2018 Society of Trust and Estate Practitioners (STEP) conference held in Toronto, the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) confirmed that a Canadian resident shareholder’s Canadian tax liability would not be eligible for a credit to offset the Transition Tax paid (see question #12 of the CRA Roundtable Questions & Answers here). Accordingly, this can lead to double taxation for these unfortunate Canadian residents. 
 
The allowance of a domestic tax credit for foreign tax paid on domestic income is specifically found in the Article XXIV of the Canadian/US Tax Treaty which provides relief by deeming the source of some types of income to be foreign, thereby enabling the use of FTCs to offset the Canadian or US. tax otherwise payable.
 
Another possible solution would have been for CanadaCo to pay out an immediate dividend of the same amount in 2017, as the income would be included on the personal returns in both countries in 2017.  

This Law May Have Unintentionally Created an Incredible Burden for Tens of Thousands of US Owned Small Businesses in Canada

This problem may also be faced by US citizens living in other countries besides Canada, since most other industrialized countries will not consider this transition tax nor other types of accrued Subpart F income, as taxable in their country:

  1. The 965 deemed distribution is taxable in the U.S. in 2017, but there is no taxable event in the country of residence and therefore no tax paid in the country of “tax residence”.
  2. There is no credit allowed for the U.S. tax paid on the individual’s 2017 foreign tax return where he/she actually lives.
  3. When the amount of the 2017 IRC §965 inclusion is later distributed to the US shareholder, that distribution is taxed in the foreign jurisdiction a second time.
  4. Therefore, unless the US/Country of Residents tax treaty provides a solution, the §965 inclusion amount will be taxed twice, first by the United States in 2017 and then by the country of residence upon distribution in years after 2017.
Need International Tax Help?

 


Contact the Tax Lawyers at
Marini & Associates, P.A.
 
 
 
 for a FREE Tax Consultation Contact us at 
or Toll Free at 888-8TaxAid (888 882-9243). 

 

 
 
Sources:
 
Moodys Gartner
 
Forbes
 

Read more at: Tax Times blog

8th Circ. Holds that TC Flubbed its 482 Ruling in Medtronic Case

According to Law360, the Eighth Circuit vacated a favorable U.S. Tax Court decision for Medtronic Inc., in its $1.36 billion tax dispute with the IRS, after finding that the judge in the case had not justified the pricing.

The case will return to the Tax Court, which found in January 2017 that the medical equipment company owed only $14 million in an adjustment over its 2005-2006 tax years, stemming from royalty payments to the company's U.S. headquarters from its Puerto Rican subsidiary.

The Eighth Circuit did not reject the Tax Court's decision outright but ordered U.S. Tax Court Judge Kathleen Kerrigan to justify more extensively her determination that Medtronic's overall transfer pricing method was correct.

In a June 2016 order, Kerrigan agreed with Medtronic that the "comparable uncontrolled transactions" method of transfer pricing was the best method for determining the correct royalty rate for the use of intellectual property by Medtronic Puerto Rico Operations Co., a subsidiary that manufactured medical equipment. In that method, the internal transfers of assets are priced according to transactions of similar products between independent companies.

Using that methodology, Kerrigan found that the royalty rate for medical device pulse generators should be 44 percent, while the rate for pacemaker leads should be 22 percent. Based on those figures, Medtronic and the IRS reached an agreement to reduce Medtronic's tax bill to $14 million while the case remained under appeal.

The IRS argued that because the Puerto Rican subsidiary was merely an assembly arm, the comparable uncontrolled transactions method was inappropriate. The agency used the comparable profits method, which takes into account profits from similar firms, to argue that Medtronic's U.S. entities should have received 90 percent of the income from the transaction, which it used to make an overall adjustment of $1.36 billion for the two years.

Writing the lead opinion for the Eighth Circuit, Judge Roger Wollman said the Tax Court didn't explain how it determined that Medtronic's choice of comparable prices, which used pricing from a 1992 settlement with another supplier, was appropriate. Judge Wollman also said the Tax Court didn't account for significant differences in the transactions, including the types of intellectual properties sold and the nature of the contracts.

In addition, the judge found that the Tax Court did not sufficiently analyze how the Puerto Rican subsidiary assumed risk in the transaction, which Medtronic used to justify its royalty agreement.

"In the absence of such a finding, we lack sufficient information to determine whether the Tax Court’s profit allocation was appropriate," Wollman wrote.

 Fellow Eighth Circuit Judge Bobby Shepherd noted in a concurring opinion that the Tax Court did not account for effects that could potentially distort prices in a legal settlement, including that the parties settled to avoid future litigation costs.

Have a Inter-Company Pricing Problem? 
 
Contact the Tax Lawyers at 
Marini& Associates, P.A. 
 
 
for a FREE Tax HELP Contact Us at:

Toll Free at 888-8TaxAid (888) 882-9243

 

Read more at: Tax Times blog

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